华为模拟器eNSP学习笔记
一、eNSP的安装
随着华为网络设备的越来越多的使用，学习华为网络路由知识的人也越来越多，一款可以很好模拟路由交换的软件可以让你更好的完成各种实验，eNSP软件，就是你需要的。
工具：
电脑、eNSP安装包
安装方法：
1.下载ensp软件。该软件为免费软件，可以在华为官网下载-技术支持 -工具 -企业网络 -eNSP-eNSP V100R002C00B39下载；
2.打开下载好的软件包，双击安装程序，然后选择安装目录，勾选所有安装项（注意，必须勾选，其中wireshark 为抓包工具）
3.安装win pcap（注意，前面的勾必须勾选）
4.安装wireshark ，选择完全安装
5.安装Oracle VM 选择完全安装
6.安装完成，每次都要先启动Oracle VM，再启动ensp。不然网络无法配置。
二、ensp模拟器实验笔记：vlan不同接口类型的应用
路由器隔离广播域 交换机隔离冲突域 在交换机上怎么样隔离广播域呢？划分vlan！而vlan的接口类型有三种 ：一：access接口；看到这个单词是否特别熟悉 前面我们使用二层接口配ip时配不了一直报错，我们怎么解决的：port（接口） link（关联）-type（属性） access；（将接口类型设置为access）英文学的不好 反正我是这样理解的，如果有有错误请网友指正啊！ 第二种种类型是：trunk ；vlan id的取值范围是0到4095 ， 可以配置的值是1到4094，0和4095都是保留值，为什么保留呢？不知道，有知道的网友请在下方评论。access我们之前使用过这里不做介绍，如果有不知道的朋友请参考华为模拟器ensp实验学习笔记。使用 vlan bath 3 4 可以快速创建多个vlan
trunk端口是干什么用的呢？我们知道划分vlan之后每个vlan中的pc设备是可以互相访问的，但是不同的vlan间是无法访问的。trunk可以配置干道链路（trunk link）用作不同vlan 不同交换机之间的数据交互。trunk可以配置属于多个vlan。
dis vlan summ 查看vlan简要信息
第三种：hybrid接口：它实现对vlan的灵活应用 既有access的功能也有trunk接口的功能 trunk接口实验在调试交换机的时候它的信息中心会一直提示你 关闭提示的命令 undo terminal monitor （在用户模式下)
实验如上图所示将pc1&pc3划分为vlan 1
将pc2&pc4划分为vlan 2
s1配置如下<Huawei>undo t
<Huawei>undo terminal mo
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname s1
[s1]vlan 1
[s1-vlan1]des
[s1-vlan1]description rsd 【打标签 取名让之后管理方便 】
[s1-vlan1]vlan 2
[s1-vlan2]des
[s1-vlan2]description market 【打标签 取名让之后管理方便】
[s1-vlan2]q
[s1]int e0/0/1
[s1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type
[s1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access 【配置接口类型】
[s1-Ethernet0/0/1]potr defa
[s1-Ethernet0/0/1]por
[s1-Ethernet0/0/1]port def
[s1-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 1
[s1-Ethernet0/0/1]q
[s1]int e0/0/2
[s1-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-ty
[s1-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[s1-Ethernet0/0/2]port defa
[s1-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2
s2和s3和s1的配置方法相同配置之后我们可以使用dis port vlan来查看vlan接口的类型
设置好之后我们来试试同一vlan下的pc1和pc3是否能通讯
很明显不能
现在就是使用trunk接口的时候了 我们在s1上将g0/0/1口设置为trunk
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk 【将接口类型变为trunk】
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]po
May 19 2018 15:32:16-08:00 s1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25.
191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 11, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
Error: The interface is already a L2 interface.
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 2 【让trunk这个接口可以通过vlan1数据也可以通过vlan2】
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
同理在s2上进行同样的设置 在s3上将g0/0/1和g0/0/2都设置为trunk 在s3上设置时差别在于写允许通过vlan数据时 port trunk allow-passvlan all（允许所有的vlan数据通过）做完后我们来测试pc1与其他pc间的通讯
PC>ping 10.1.1.2
Ping 10.1.1.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 10.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=62 ms
From 10.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 10.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=32 ms
From 10.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 10.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=63 ms
--- 10.1.1.2 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 31/43/63 ms
PC>
在测试的时候若发现pc1 ping不通其他的设备 请检查vlan的接口时否时trunk 查看命令：dis port vlan
若不是请使用undo删除vlan 再进行重新设置
三、ensp单臂路由实验笔记
实验背景某公司三个部门人事部 市场部 经理需要跨vlan通讯
首先将pc的ip和子网掩码和网关设置好
然后来设置s1
s1配置<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]vlan 1 【创建vlan】
[Huawei-vlan1]des
[Huawei-vlan1]description hr 【vlan标签表明vlan1是属于hr人事】
[Huawei-vlan1]
Jul 7 2018 10:50:28-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, th
e change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-vlan1]q
[Huawei]undo info
[Huawei]undo info-center en
[Huawei]undo info-center enable 【关闭上述特别长的提示信息】
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]vlan 2
[Huawei-vlan2]des
[Huawei-vlan2]description market
[Huawei-vlan2]int e0/0/2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access 【配置接口的类型 接口类型的区别有不明白的朋友点击三种类型的应用】
s2配置[Huawei]vlan 3
[Huawei-vlan3]des
[Huawei-vlan3]description manage
[Huawei-vlan3]int e0/0/2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port defa
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 3
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port trunk all
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys s2 【修改交换机名】
[s2]int e 0/0/1
s1配置<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info
[Huawei]undo info-center en
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys name s1
[name s1]sys s1
[s1]int g0/0/1
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[s1]vlan 1
[s1-vlan1]vlan 2
[s1-vlan2]vlsn 3
^
Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
[s1-vlan2]vlan 3
[s1-vlan3]int g0/0/11
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/11]q
[s1]int g0/0/1
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan
^
Error:Incomplete command found at '^' position.
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] User interface con0 is available
Please Press ENTER.
<s1>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[s1]int g0/0/3
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 1 【将接口划分到vlan下】
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/3
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]port defa
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]port default vlan 2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port trunk all
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all 【可以通过所有vlan的数据】
s2配置[Huawei]vlan 3
[Huawei-vlan3]des
[Huawei-vlan3]description manage
[Huawei-vlan3]int e0/0/2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port defa
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 3
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port trunk all
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys s2
[s2]int e 0/0/1
[s2-Ethernet0/0/1]dis this
s3配置[Huawei]undo info
[Huawei]undo info-center en
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys name s1
[name s1]sys s1
[s1]int g0/0/1
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[s1]vlan 1
[s1-vlan1]vlan 2
[s1-vlan2]vlsn 3
^
Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
[s1-vlan2]vlan 3
[s1-vlan3]int g0/0/11
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/11]q
[s1]int g0/0/1
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan
^
Error:Incomplete command found at '^' position.
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] User interface con0 is available
Please Press ENTER.
<s1>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[s1]int g0/0/3
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[s1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]
<s1>sys s3
^
Error:Too many parameters found at '^' position.
<s1>undo sys s1
^
Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
<s1>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[s1]sys s3
[s3]int g0/0/2
[s3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dis this 【查看当前接口信息】
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
r1配置<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys r1
[r1]int g0/0/1.1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]ip add 10.0.1.254 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]undo ip add
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]q
[r1]int g0/0/0.1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]ip add 10.0.1.254 24 【配置网关】
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]int g0/0/0.2
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]ip add 10.0.2.254 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]int g0/0/0.3
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]ip add 10.0.3.254 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]dot
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]dot1q term
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]dot1q termination vid
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]dot1q termination vid 1 【接收时剥离tag报文进行 向外发送时添加vlan tag】
Jul 7 2018 11:22:54-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]arp bro
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]arp broadcast en
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]arp broadcast enable 【开启arp广播功能】
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]int g0/0/0.1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]dot
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]dot1q ter
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]dot1q termination vid 1
Error: Failed to configure the interface because the VLAN has been configured on
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]int g0/0/0.3
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]undo dot
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]undo dot1q ter
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]undo dot1q termination vid
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]undo dot1q termination vid 1
Jul 7 2018 11:24:29-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3 has entered the DOWN state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]dot
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]dot1q ter
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]dot1q termination vid 3
Jul 7 2018 11:24:45-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]arp bro
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]arp broadcast en
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]arp broadcast enable
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3]int g0/0/0.1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]dot
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]dot1q ter
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]dot1q termination vid 1
Jul 7 2018 11:25:20-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]arp
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]arp bro
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]arp broadcast en
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]arp broadcast enable
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]int g0/0/0.2
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]dot
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]dot1q ter
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]dot1q termination vid 2
Jul 7 2018 11:26:08-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[4]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]arp bro
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]arp broadcast en
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]arp broadcast enable
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]q
[r1]dis
[r1]display ip int bri
[r1]display ip int brief
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 5
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 2
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 3
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 unassigned up down
GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1 10.0.1.254/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2 10.0.2.254/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/0.3 10.0.3.254/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 unassigned down down
GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1 unassigned down down
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
现在来测试
不通！！然后又ping了网关 还是不通！
然后我就查看了vlan1的接口配置。发现：
[s1-Ethernet0/0/1]dis this
#
interface Ethernet0/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
它配置为trunk类型之后 通过的数据是从vlan2开始的 不是从vlan1
所以重新创建了vlan4
然后再各个设备上重新设置之后
重新测试数据时候能够正常通讯
ok完成